Art and Architecture
India's art and architecture are deeply intertwined, reflecting a rich history of diverse cultural and religious influences. Key features include elaborate sculptures, intricate carvings, and various architectural styles like the northern Nagara, southern Dravidian, and the mixed Vasara. The evolution is seen from the advanced urban planning of the Indus Valley Civilization and the rock-cut marvels of the Mauryan Empire to the monumental Hindu temples, Islamic-Mughal structures, and later colonial and modern designs.
Language
They include, besides Sanskrit, the following 21 modern Indian languages: Assamese, Bangla, Bodo, Dogri, Gujarati, Hindi, Kashmiri, Kannada, Konkani, Maithili, Malayalam, Manipuri, Marathi, Nepali, Oriya, Punjabi, Tamil, Telugu, Santali, Sindhi, and Urdu.
Customs and Celebrations
India's traditions and celebrations are diverse, ranging from major religious festivals like Diwali (Festival of Lights) and Holi (Festival of Colors) to regional harvest festivals such as Pongal and Baisakhi. These events feature vibrant rituals, communal meals, music, dancing, and often symbolize the triumph of good over evil. National holidays like Independence Day and Republic Day also highlight unity and patriotism.